Text Case Converter

About the Text Case Converter

Retyping text just to change its capital letters is tedious. A heading written in capitals needs to become title case, a list pasted from a spreadsheet arrives in shouty upper case, or a phrase needs to become a variable name in code. Changing case by hand is slow, and it is easy to miss a letter.

This text case converter changes text to UPPER CASE, lower case, Title Case or Sentence case, or to the naming styles used in programming: camelCase, PascalCase, snake_case, kebab-case and CONSTANT_CASE. It shows the chosen style in full and previews the most common styles side by side.

How to Use the Text Case Converter

Type or paste your text into the box.

Choose the style to convert to, and press Calculate.

Copy the converted text from the result.

How Each Case Works

Step-by-Step Example

"the lord of the rings: the return of the king" in title case.

  First word:           The
  Main words:           Lord, Rings, Return, King
  Small words:          of, the  (stay lower case)
  After the colon:      The      (capitalised)
  Result:               The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King

"Total Price Per Unit" in code styles.

  camelCase:   totalPricePerUnit
  snake_case:  total_price_per_unit
  kebab-case:  total-price-per-unit

Title Case Rules

Title case capitalises the important words in a title and leaves short, minor words in lower case: articles (a, an, the), short conjunctions (and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet) and short prepositions (at, by, in, of, on, to, up, via, with and similar). The first and last words are always capitalised, as is the first word after a colon. Style guides such as AP, Chicago and APA differ in details — for example, whether prepositions of four or five letters are capitalised — so check the guide your publication follows.

Sentence Case

Sentence case capitalises only the first word of each sentence, as in ordinary writing, plus proper nouns. Many websites, apps and style guides now prefer sentence case for headings and buttons because it is easier to read and feels less formal. The converter capitalises the first letter of each sentence and the word I, but it cannot know which other words are names, so check proper nouns such as places and people afterwards.

Naming Styles for Code

Programming languages and systems have conventions for joining words without spaces:

camelCase for variables and functions in JavaScript and Java.

PascalCase for class and type names in many languages.

snake_case for variables in Python and Ruby, and for database columns.

kebab-case for web addresses, file names and CSS classes.

CONSTANT_CASE for constants and environment variables.

The converter splits the text into words at spaces, punctuation and changes from lower to upper case, so it can also convert between these styles: userID fromURL becomes user_id_from_url in snake case.

Tips for Clean Results

Remove extra spaces and line breaks first if you want a single-line result. Acronyms such as NASA or HTML become ordinary words in title and sentence case, so re-capitalise them if needed. For code styles, remove symbols that are not allowed in names, such as accents in some older systems.

Case in Email Addresses and Web Links

Email addresses are treated as case-insensitive by almost all services, so Jane.Smith@example.com and jane.smith@example.com reach the same inbox. Web addresses are different: the domain name is case-insensitive, but the path after it can be case-sensitive on many servers, which is one reason lower-case kebab-case is the usual choice for page addresses. Using lower case consistently avoids broken links.

Upper Case and Readability

Text in all capitals is harder to read in long passages, because the words lose their distinctive shapes of rising and falling letters. It is also widely read as shouting in emails and messages. Upper case works well for short labels, acronyms and occasional emphasis, but for headings and body text, sentence case or title case is easier on the reader. Screen readers may also spell out words written entirely in capitals.

Converting Long Documents

The converter handles up to 20,000 characters at once, enough for a long article. Converting a whole document to title case is rarely right, though: title case is meant for headings, while body text should stay in sentence case. Convert headings and body text separately for the best result.

Privacy

The conversion runs in your browser, so private text is never sent to a server.

Understanding Your Result

Converted text shows the whole text in the chosen style.

Upper, lower, title and sentence case preview the first line in each style.

For code previews camelCase, snake_case and kebab-case.

Worth knowing explains the title case rules.

When Should You Use This Calculator?

Formatting headings and titles.

Fixing text typed with caps lock on.

Naming variables, files and database fields.

Creating web addresses and URL slugs.

Tidying lists pasted from spreadsheets.

Common Mistakes

Capitalising every word in a title, including small words.

Forgetting proper nouns after converting to sentence case.

Losing acronyms such as HTML in title case.

Mixing naming styles in the same code.

Leaving symbols in variable names.