Science Calculators
Physics, chemistry and general scientific calculations.
- Acceleration Calculator Calculate acceleration from a change in speed over time, over a distance, or from force and mass, in m/s², ft/s² and g.
- Boyle's Law Calculator Solve Boyle's law, P1V1 = P2V2, for any pressure or volume of a gas at constant temperature, with the change explained step by step.
- Capacitance Calculator Calculate a capacitor's charge and stored energy, its capacitance from charge, the RC time constant, or capacitors combined in series and parallel.
- Charles's Law Calculator Solve Charles's law, V1/T1 = V2/T2, for the volume or temperature of a gas at constant pressure, converting °C and °F to kelvin.
- Density Calculator Calculate density from mass and volume, or mass or volume from density, in any units, with the closest common material and whether it floats.
- Dilution Calculator Mix a dilution ratio such as 1:200 or 1:400 to any volume, or solve C1V1 = C2V2 for the stock volume, final volume or concentration.
- Force Calculator Calculate force from mass and acceleration with Newton's second law, or mass or acceleration from force, in newtons, pounds-force and kgf.
- Free Fall Calculator Work out how long an object takes to fall from a height and how fast it lands, or how far it falls in a given time, on Earth or elsewhere.
- Frequency Calculator Calculate frequency from a period, from wave speed and wavelength, from angular frequency or from rpm, with the period and angular frequency.
- Friction Calculator Calculate friction force from the coefficient of friction and normal force or mass, on the flat or a slope, and whether an object slides.
- Gear Ratio Speed Calculator Calculate output rpm, gear ratio and torque multiplication through one or two gear stages, and the wheel speed in mph or km/h.
- Half-Life Calculator Work out how much of a substance remains after a time, its half-life, or the time to decay to an amount, with the decay constant.
- Ideal Gas Law Calculator Solve PV = nRT for pressure, volume, moles or temperature, in atm, kPa, bar, psi, litres, cubic metres, kelvin, Celsius or Fahrenheit.
- Kinetic Energy Calculator Calculate kinetic energy from mass and speed, or the mass or speed for a given energy, in joules, kJ, kWh and kcal.
- Lens Calculator Use the thin lens equation to find the image distance, object distance or focal length, with the magnification and image type.
- Molar Mass Calculator Find the molar mass of any chemical formula, with brackets and hydrates, the percentage of each element and moles from a sample mass.
- Molarity Calculator Work out the molarity of a solution, the mass of solute to weigh out, or the volume to make up, from a chemical formula or molar mass.
- Momentum Calculator Calculate momentum from mass and velocity, or mass or velocity from momentum, with kinetic energy and the force needed to stop it.
- Ohm's Law Calculator Enter any two of voltage, current, resistance and power to find the other two with Ohm's law and the power formulas.
- pH Calculator Calculate pH from hydrogen or hydroxide ion concentration, convert pH to concentrations and pOH, or find the pH of a weak acid from Ka.
- Potential Energy Calculator Calculate gravitational potential energy from mass and height, or the mass or height for an energy, on Earth, the Moon or other planets.
- Power Physics Calculator Calculate power from work and time or from force and speed, or the energy or time for a given power, in watts, kilowatts and horsepower.
- Projectile Motion Calculator Work out the range, flight time, maximum height and landing speed of a projectile from its launch speed, angle and height.
- Resistor Calculator Decode 4-band and 5-band resistor colour codes into ohms and tolerance, or find the colour bands for any resistor value.
- Specific Heat Calculator Calculate the heat needed to warm a material, the temperature change from an amount of heat, or the mass or specific heat, with Q = mcΔT.
- Thermal Expansion Calculator Calculate how much a length of metal, glass or concrete expands or shrinks with temperature, or how much a liquid's volume changes.
- Torque Calculator Calculate torque from force, lever arm and angle, or the force or wrench length needed for a torque, in N·m, lb·ft and lb·in.
- Velocity Calculator Calculate velocity from distance and time, or the final velocity after accelerating for a time or over a distance, in any speed unit.
- Voltage Divider Calculator Work out the output voltage of a two-resistor voltage divider, or the second resistor needed for a target output, with current and power.
- Wavelength Calculator Calculate the wavelength of light, radio or sound from its frequency and wave speed, or of a photon from its energy, with the spectrum band.
- Work Calculator Calculate the work done by a force over a distance at any angle, or the force or distance for a given amount of work, in joules and ft·lbf.